Kulturwissenschaftliche Zeitschrift

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Series Kulturwissenschaftliche Zeitschrift
Editor Kulturwissenschaftliche Gesellschaft
Contributions by Thorsten Carstensen Dominik Schrey Sebastian Winter
Producer under GPSR

Felix Meiner Verlag GmbH
Richardstraße 47
D-22081 Hamburg
Telefon: +49 (40) 29 87 56-0
Fax: +49 (40) 29 87 56-20
E-Mail: info@meiner.de

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This manuscript traces Hollywood’s response to the disintegration of U.S. national consensus in the 1970s under the spell of Vietnam and Watergate, with a strong focus on the representation of masculinity. In my comparative reading of several canonized movies of the 1970s (The Deer Hunter, Dirty Harry, The Godfather, Rocky), I demonstrate how Hollywood cinema, amid America’s struggle to redefine its shared values and regain its self-confidence, advocated a return to myths of the past in order for the country to rewrite what historians have called the narrative of “victory culture.” As it is, arguably, in popular culture where societal changes manifest themselves most readily, I look at these films in the wider context of 1970s television, demonstrating connections with TV dramas such as Bonanza and The Waltons. I conclude with an outlook on the Reagan presidency and the rise to prominence of right-wing sequels such as Rambo II and Rocky IV as the seemingly inevitable consequences of 1970s disintegration.
Straßenbeleuchtung bildet die dichteste bestehende urbane Infrastruktur, weshalb sie als Kernelement zukünftiger Smart Cities gilt. Vor diesem Hintergrund diskutiert der Artikel das ‚Medien-Werden‘ der Straßenlaterne, die heute alle urbanen Ströme gleichermaßen durchleuchten soll. Ausgehend von einem historischen Überblick wird argumentiert, dass die Straßenbeleuchtung die Zirkulation von Waren, Menschen und Geld dadurch erleichterte, dass sie selbst statisch wurde. In ihr überlappen sich verschiedene urbane Infrastrukturen der Verkehrslenkung, der Kommunikation, des Marktes sowie der Gouvernementalität. Ihre eigene „konstitutive Beteiligung“ an diesen Prozessen tritt jedoch hinter der Primärfunktion des Spendens von Licht zurück. Die bisherige kulturwissenschaftliche Forschung hat die Straßenlaterne daher vornehmlich als technisches Ensemble aus der sichtbaren Lampe und dem unsichtbaren Gas- bzw. Stromnetz behandelt. Die diese beiden Elemente verbindenden Laternenmasten und deren eigene Affordanzen wurden weitgehend ignoriert. Dabei spielt die eigentliche Beleuchtungsfunktion in Zeiten des Internets der Dinge nur noch eine untergeordnete Rolle gegenüber den zahlreichen Sensoren, Antennen und anderen vernetzten Vorrichtungen, die an diesen Masten angebracht werden. Die mit der Straßenlaterne als „analytischem Gehirn des urbanen Lebens“ aufgekommenen neuen Geschäftsmodelle und die sich daraus ergebenden Konsequenzen werden ausblickend kritisch am Beispiel der Stadt Miami diskutiert. Street lighting forms the densest existing urban infrastructure, which is why it is considered a core element of future smart cities. Against this background, the article discusses the ‘becoming media’ of the streetlamp that today illuminates urban flows of all sorts. Based on a historical overview, I argue that street lighting facilitated the circulation of goods, people, and money in the modern city by becoming static infrastructure. In the physical asset of the streetlamp, urban infrastructures of traffic management, communication, market and governance overlap. However, its constitutive contribution to these processes is rendered anesthetic by its primary function of providing light. Previous cultural studies research has thus often treated the streetlight as an ensemble consisting only of visible lamp and invisible gas or electricity network. The lampposts connecting these two elements and their specific affordances were largely ignored. However, for the urban internet of things, the lighting function plays only a subordinate role compared to the numerous sensors, antennas and other devices mounted on these masts. The article closes with a small case study on the planned introduction of smart lamps in Miami, discussing possible consequences of this ‘becoming media’ of street lighting and the resulting new business models.

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